ABSTRACT
The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among schoolchildren in Colalao del Valle, a high-altitude community in Tucumán province, Argentina, was investigated. The data revealed a high prevalence of parasitism (79.7%) with no significant differences in distribution by sex or age. Protozoa infections were the most common with Blastocystis hominis being the most prevalent (62.5%), followed by Giardia lamblia (29.7%), Endolimax nana (15.6%), Entamoeba coli (12.5%) and Iodamoeba bütschlii (3.1%). Interestingly, there was an absence of soil-transmitted helminths among the studied population which could be related to climate (variable temperatures, moderate rainfall) and soil type (clay).
ABSTRACT
A parasitological survey was conducted in children living in a poor area next to a drainage channel, in Tucumán province, Argentina. Stool specimens from 115 children were collected and samples were analyzed by direct microscopy examination and concentration techniques. The prevalence rate of intestinal parasites infection was high (78.3%) and Blastocystis hominis was the most frequent protozoan parasite found (68.9%) followed by Giardia intestinalis (33.3%), Entamoeba coli (24.4%), Endolimax nana (12.2%), Chilomastix mesnili (5.6%) and Iodamoeba bütschlii (2.2%). Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent intestinal helminth, with an infection frequency of 38.9%, followed by Trichuris trichiura (13.3%), Strongyloides stercoralis (13.3%), Hymenolepis nana (7.8%) and Enterobius vermicularis (3.3%). Multiple parasitic infections were also high, affecting 71.1% of infected population. These results indicate that sanitary policies, including health care and sanitary education have been inadequate for the control of intestinal parasitism in this high-risk population. Implementation of sanitation programs is a basic need and a joint collaboration between public servant and health professionals should be a priority.
ABSTRACT
El Consenso Venezolano de Enfermedad por Reflujo Gastroesófágico (ERGE) se realizó con el objeto de proveer guías para mejorar la identificación, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de este trastorno en el país. Los coordinadores establecieron las líneas de consenso, basado en una revisión sistemática de la literatura médica de los últimos 15 años a partir de 1995. Participaron 55 miembros con el aval de sus respectivas cátedras y sociedades locales de gastroenterología. Éstos revisaron y presentaron los temas con sus niveles de evidencia y grados de recomendación para discutirlos y votarlos en una reunión plenaria. Tras un informe final de los miembros, los coordinadores prepararon las declaraciones finales. El consenso concluyó que la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico tiene una prevalencia estimada del 11,54% en Venezuela, a predominio del sexo femenino (Grado B). El diagnóstico es fundamentalmente clínico, basado en la presencia de síntomas típicos y/o atípicos, e incluso síntomas de alarma que sugieren alguna complicación (Grado B). La endoscopia es importante en la investigación de la presencia de esofagitis de reflujo y laringitis de reflujo (Grado B). Las otras pruebas diagnósticas como lo son la pHmetría esofágica de 24 horas con o sin impedancia intraluminal multicanal son importantes en los pacientes que no tienen esofagitis, tienen síntomas atípicos o cuando hay falla en la respuesta al tratamiento médico (Grado B). La radiología, manometría esofágica y el ultrasonido endoscópico no están indicados en el diagnóstico de la ERGE (Grado B). El objetivo del tratamiento es reducir la exposición ácida en el esófago y con esto: aliviar los síntomas, cicatrizar las lesiones en la mucosa esofágica, prevenir la recurrencia y las complicaciones. Los inhibidores de bomba de protones deberían ser la primera opción en el tratamiento en el síndrome de ERGE y en la esofagitis por reflujo tanto en la fase aguda como durante el mantenimiento...
The Venezuelan Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Consensus was carried out in order to provide guidelines to improve the identification, diagnosis and treatment of this illness in Venezuela. The coordinators established the consensuslines, based on a systematic revision of the medical literature of the last 15 years starting from 1995. 55 physicians participated with the support of their respective medical schools and local societies. They revised and presented the topics with their respective evidence levels and recommendation grades to discuss and vote them in a plenary meeting. After a final report of the members, the coordinators prepared the definitive declarations. The consensus concluded that GERD prevalence in Venezuela is 11,54%, higher in women than men (Grade B). The diagnosis is mainly clinical, based on the presence of typical and/or atypical symptoms and alarm symptoms that may suggest the presence of complications (Grade B). Endoscopy is important when reflux esophagitis and laryngitis are present (Grade B). Other diagnostic tests as ambulatory 24 hours pH monitoring with or without multichannel intraluminal impedance are important in patients without esophagitis, with atypical symptoms or when there is flaw in the answer to the medical treatment (Grade B). Radiology, esophageal manometry and endoscopic ultrasonography are not indicated in the diagnosis of GERD (Grade B). The objective of the treatment is to reduce the presence of acid in the esophagus and consequently: alleviate the symptoms and heal lesions in the esophagus mucosa to prevent recurrence and complications. Proton pump inhibitors should be the first option drug in the treatment of GERD syndrome andin esophagitis during the acute and the maintenance phase using standard or half dose (Grade A). So far, pokinetics are drugs with a limited use in GERD patients; they stimulate the esophagus/gastric motility...
Subject(s)
Humans , Proton Pump Inhibitors , Gastroesophageal Reflux/surgery , Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis , Gastroesophageal Reflux/therapy , Education, Medical , Schools, MedicalABSTRACT
Foram reavaliadas, segundo criterios radiologicos, 27 osteotomias de Chiari, em 25 pacientes com diagnostico de subluxacao do quadril, de diferentes causas. Os metodos de avalicao basearam-se na medida do angulo de Wiberg (CE), da percentagem de cobertura da cabeca femoral pelo acetabulo e da esclerose acetabular, antes e depois da operacao. Os resultados foram de modo geral bons, com aumento da cobertura acetabular e da esclerose, que parece significar melhores contanto articular e transmissao de forca atraves da junta
Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Hip Dislocation, Congenital , OsteotomyABSTRACT
Os autores fizeram uma reavaliacao de 16 pacientes submetidos a restauracao da oponencia do polegar no perido de novembro de 1970 a junho de 1982. Destes, 10 foram tratados pela tecnica de Riordan e 6 pela tecnica de Phalen. Em 7 casos a paralisia da oponencia foi devida a lesao traumatica dos nervos perifericos, sendo 2 com lesao isolada do nervo mediano e 5 com lesao associada dos nervos mediano e ulnar. Nos outros casos, as causas foram: sequela de poliomielite, encefalite, queimadura eletrica, artrite reumatoide, lesao do plexo braquial e mal de Hansen.Os resultados foram bons ou excelentes em 70% dos casos operados pela tecnica de Riordan e em 83% dos tratados pela tecnica de Phalen
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Paralysis , Peripheral Nerves , Thumb , Surgical Procedures, OperativeABSTRACT
Os autores estudaram 95 amostras de liquido amniotico obtidas de gestantes de termo, por amniocentese transvaginal ou transabdominal, e determinaram a porcentagem de celulas orangiofilas no liquido amniotico com o azul-de-nilo. Estabeleceram que em seu Servico, 20% (ou mais) indicaram maturidade fetal. A idade da gestacao e o peso fetal foram corretamente indicados, respectivamente, em 88% e 85% dos casos estudados
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Humans , Female , Amniotic Fluid , Birth Weight , Gestational AgeABSTRACT
As complicacoes das fraturas do escafoide (pseudartrose, necrose avascular e artrose pos-traumatica) foram tratadas com enxerto osseo pela tecnica de Matti e Russe ou com a artroplastia de substituicao do escafoide pela protese de Swanson. Foi obtida a consolidacao das pseudartroses em 83% dos casos. Notou-se melhora dos sintomas em 95,5% dos casos submetidos a artroplastia.O resultado quanto a amplitude de movimentos foi melhor nos casos de enxerto osseo; porem, deve-se levar em consideracao que a artroplastia so e indicada em casos de lesao mais avancada nos ossos do carpo